Genetic variation refers to the differences in DNA sequences among individuals within a population. These variations can arise through processes such as mutations, genetic recombination, and genetic drift. Genetic variation plays a crucial role in evolution, as it allows for the adaptation of organisms to changing environments and contributes to the diversity of species. Researchers study genetic variation to better understand the genetic basis of traits and diseases, as well as to track the history and relationships of populations. This research area encompasses fields such as genomics, population genetics, and evolutionary biology.